Judiciary is the third pillar of democracy in India and guardian of fundamental rights of people. Judiciary in India plays a pivotal role to establish economic and social justice in a democratic set up. Through its various pronouncements of judgments it upholds the spirit of social equity and justice and protects the interests of vulnerable groups like unorganized labour, women and children. In this article efforts have been made to bring to the lime light the contribution of judiciary in India in protection of women and unorganized labour and in providing social security to such weaker section of the Indian society.