Against the backdrop of clinically significant disease osteoporosis, dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) of the vertebral bodies and femoral neck in the front-rear projection has established itself as primarily an instrumental tool for diagnosing osteoporosis assessment of fracture risk and monitoring the effects of medication. With the development of methodology in clinical practice are increasingly used and some special applications of the methodology DXA - morphometry of the vertebral bodies and femoral neck, study of body composition and bone mineral content of the whole body and in its individual areas and study bone around the artificial joints.